

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections remain a significant public health concern in the United States and its territories, including the U.S. Virgin Islands. HSV is categorized into two types:
HSV-1, commonly associated with oral herpes, and HSV-2, primarily responsible for genital herpes.
According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for 2015–2016, approximately 47.8% of individuals aged 14 to 49 in the U.S. were infected with HSV-1, while 11.9% had HSV-2. The prevalence of both types increased with age and was higher among females than males.
Notably, HSV-2 prevalence was highest among non-Hispanic Black individuals and lowest among non-Hispanic Asian individuals.
Further studies estimated that in 2018, there were about 18.6 million prevalent cases of genital herpes among individuals aged 18 to 49 in the U.S., with an incidence of approximately 572,000 new infections that year. Women accounted for two-thirds of these prevalent infections.
Specific data on HSV prevalence in the U.S. Virgin Islands is limited. However, the Virgin Islands Department of Health acknowledges genital herpes as a significant health concern and provides resources for prevention and management.
A major challenge in managing HSV is that many individuals remain asymptomatic, unknowingly transmitting the virus to others. This asymptomatic nature complicates efforts to control its spread.
While HSV infections are typically not life-threatening, they can lead to complications such as neonatal herpes if transmitted during childbirth and increased susceptibility to other sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Preventive measures are crucial in reducing HSV transmission. The CDC recommends consistent condom use, abstaining from sexual activity during outbreaks, and open communication with sexual partners about HSV status.
For those diagnosed with HSV, antiviral medications can help manage symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission.
Herpes simplex virus continues to pose a public health challenge in the United States and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Ongoing public health initiatives aim to raise awareness, promote preventive measures, and support those affected by the virus.
